Energy storage technology is becoming a hot topic in the energy sector, and to delve into energy storage systems, it is essential to understand the three key modules: BMS (Battery Management System), PCS (Power Conversion System), and EMS (Energy Management System). These modules work together to ensure the safe and efficient operation of energy storage systems.
BMS, as the name suggests, is the battery management system and acts as the "battery steward" of the system. BMS is typically divided into Pack-level BMS (built into the battery pack, capable of collecting voltage and temperature) and Cluster-level BMS (also known as the high-voltage control box RBMS, capable of collecting voltage, current, temperature, etc.). In commercial energy storage cabinets, which are typically 512/768 volts, a two-level BMS is commonly used. In terms of appearance, BMS usually features circuit breakers and positive/negative terminals. The orange-red and black ports represent positive and negative terminals, with black being negative and orange-red being positive.
PCS, also known as the Power Conversion System, is the core of the energy storage system. PCS converts DC power into AC power and vice versa. Key parameters of PCS include AC output power, current, voltage, DC voltage range, and maximum allowable current on the DC side. The selection and design of PCS are closely related to the voltage range of the energy storage system. For example, why do many mainstream commercial energy storage systems use 215 volts? In fact, the voltage range of PCS determines the series and parallel configuration of battery cells. Insufficient series configuration will fail to meet the minimum voltage requirement of PCS. These modules are interconnected and mutually dependent.
EMS, known as the Energy Management System, can be understood as the central brain of the energy storage system. EMS receives information and transmits commands, usually through communication protocols such as CAN, RS485, RS232, 4G, and Wi-Fi, to communicate with BMS, PCS, fire protection systems, and temperature control systems. EMS collects information and coordinates the operation of various modules. On the exterior of EMS, we can observe various types of interface ports.
The key modules of BMS, PCS, and EMS in energy storage systems constitute an efficient and secure energy storage solution. Understanding the functions and roles of these modules can help us better comprehend and apply energy storage technology, contributing to future energy transition and sustainable development.
In the field of commercial energy storage, GCE BMS has dedicated decades to the development and production of high-voltage management systems. Their products have undergone six updates and iterations, aiming to provide users with better products. GCE BMS offers a wide voltage range from 48V to 1500V, with current ratings including 50A, 125A, 160A, 250A, 400A, and 500A. These products are mainly used in solar energy storage, commercial and industrial energy storage, home energy storage, and UPS backup power applications. If you are looking for a reliable BMS partner, GCE is undoubtedly an excellent choice. If you want to know more details, please contact cara@hngce.com.
